Five-Year Outcomes From the Randomized, Phase III Trials CheckMate 017 and 057: Nivolumab Versus Docetaxel in Previously Treated NSCLC

– An ASCO Reading Room selection

June 25, 2021

Hossein Borghaei, DO, MS; Scott Gettinger, MD; Everett E. Vokes, MD; Laura Q. M. Chow, MD, FRCPC; Marco Angelo Burgio, MD; Javier de Castro Carpeno, MD, PhD; Adam Pluzanski, MD, PhD; Oscar Arrieta, MD, MSc; Osvaldo Arén Frontera, MD; Rita Chiari, MD, PhD; Charles Butts, MD, FRCPC; Joanna Wójcik-Tomaszewska, MD; Bruno Coudert, MD; Marina Chiara Garassino, MD; Neal Ready, MD, PhD; Enriqueta Felip, MD, PhD; Miriam Alonso García, MD; David Waterhouse, MD, MPH; Manuel Domine, MD, PhD; Fabrice Barlesi, MD, PhD; Scott Antonia, MD, PhD; Markus Wohlleber, MD; David E. Gerber, MD; Grzegorz Czyzewicz, MD; David R. Spigel, MD; Lucio Crino, MD; Wilfried Enst Erich Eberhardt, MD; Ang Li, MS; Sathiya Marimuthu, MD; and Julie Brahmer, MD, MSc

Journal of Clinical Oncology

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Purpose

Immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of advanced non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In two phase III trials (CheckMate 017 and CheckMate 057), nivolumab showed an improvement in overall survival (OS) and favorable safety versus docetaxel in patients with previously treated, advanced squamous and nonsquamous NSCLC, respectively. We report 5-year pooled efficacy and safety from these trials.

Methods

Patients (n = 854; CheckMate 017/057 pooled) with advanced NSCLC, ECOG PS ≤ 1, and progression during or after first-line platinum-based chemotherapy were randomly assigned 1:1 to nivolumab (3 mg/kg once every 2 weeks) or docetaxel (75 mg/m² once every 3 weeks) until progression or unacceptable toxicity. The primary end point for both trials was OS; secondary end points included progression-free survival (PFS) and safety. Exploratory landmark analyses were investigated.

Results

After the minimum follow-up of 64.2 and 64.5 months for CheckMate 017 and 057, respectively, 50 nivolumab-treated patients and nine docetaxel-treated patients were alive. Five-year pooled OS rates were 13.4% versus 2.6%, respectively; 5-year PFS rates were 8.0% versus 0%, respectively. Nivolumab-treated patients without disease progression at 2 and 3 years had an 82.0% and 93.0% chance of survival, respectively, and a 59.6% and 78.3% chance of remaining progression-free at 5 years, respectively. Treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were reported in eight of 31 (25.8%) nivolumab-treated patients between 3–5 years of follow-up, seven of whom experienced new events; one (3.2%) TRAE was grade 3, and there were no grade 4 TRAEs.

Conclusion

At 5 years, nivolumab continued to demonstrate a survival benefit versus docetaxel, exhibiting a five-fold increase in OS rate, with no new safety signals. These data represent the first report of 5-year outcomes from randomized phase III trials of a programmed death-1 inhibitor in previously treated, advanced NSCLC.

Read an interview about the study here and expert commentary about the clinical implications here.

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Five-Year Outcomes From the Randomized, Phase III Trials CheckMate 017 and 057: Nivolumab Versus Docetaxel in Previously Treated NSCLC

Primary Source

Journal of Clinical Oncology

Source Reference:

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